Смысл: backward

backward1. [ʹbækwəd] n поэт.
<Í> прошлое
the dark backward and abysm of time (Shakespeare) - туманное прошлое

2. [ʹbækwəd] a
<Í> 1. обратный (обыкн. о движении)
backward flow - тех. противоток
backward take - кино обратная съёмка; кинокадр, снятый приёмом обратной съёмки
on seeing me he made a backward movement - увидев меня, он отступил /сделал шаг назад/
2. 1) отсталый
backward children - умственно или физически отсталые дети
backward mind - неразвитый ум
backward country - отсталая страна
2) поздний; запоздалый
backward autumn - запоздалая осень
backward in one's preparations - отставший с подготовкой
the melons are backward this year - дыни поздно поспели /появились/ в этом году
3. 1) медлящий, мешкающий; делающий неохотно
he is backward in giving his views - он неохотно высказывает своё мнение
he was not backward in helping me - он не замедлил помочь мне
2) робкий, застенчивый
backward lover - нерешительный влюблённый
he is not backward in asking favours - он не стесняется просить об одолжениях

3. [ʹbækwəd] adv
<Í> 1. назад
to look backward - смотреть назад /через плечо/
to turn one's head backward - обернуться; оглянуться
to fall backward - упасть навзничь
to cast a light backward - отражать свет
to turn backward from one's beliefs - отступать от своих убеждений
to look backward over one's earlier mistakes - учиться на ошибках
lie stepped backward - он сделал шаг назад, он отступил на шаг
they pushed the car backward - они толкнули машину назад
2. в обратном направлении
backward and forward - а) взад и вперёд; б) разг. досконально, тщательно
he knew his lesson backward and forward - он знал урок назубок /наизусть/
backward march! - кругом марш! (команда)
3. наоборот, задом наперёд
to walk backward - пятиться
to say the alphabet backward - называть буквы алфавита в обратном порядке
to sit backward on a horse - сидеть на лошади лицом к хвосту
to read backward - читать от конца к началу
to ring the bells backward - а) звонить в колокола, начиная с басов; б) бить тревогу
4. превратно, извращённо, искажённо; ошибочно
to spell smb. backward - представить кого-л. в невыгодном свете; оклеветать кого-л.
to think backward of smth. - ошибиться в чём-л.
5. к худшему
affairs are going backward - дела идут всё хуже
♢ to lean over backward - а) перегибаться назад; б) из кожи (вон) лезть (особ. для исправления допущенной ошибки или несправедливости)
to go /to turn/ backward - библ. впасть в грех
once away, the arrow won't fly backward - посл. ≅ сделанного не воротишь

move backward Идиома

bend over backwards

do anything to help, try to please, go the extra mile They'll bend over backwards to find a room for you. They give excellent service.

bend over backwards to do something

try very hard If I can, I will bend over backwards to help you get a promotion in the company.

backward

a strikeout where the batter is struck out without swinging the bat, i.e., caught looking

know backwards

learn very thoroughly完全了解
Every actor ought to know his lines backwards before he goes on stage．每一位演员在登台之前都必须背熟台词。

know sth backwards and forwards

Idiom(s): know something backwards and forwards AND know something forwards and backwards

Theme: KNOWLEDGE

to know something very well; to know a passage of language so well that one could recite it backwards as well as forwards. (Reversible.)
• of course I've memorized my speech. I know it backwards and forwards.
• Todd knows the skeletal structure of the frog backwards and forwards.

fall over backwards

Idiom(s): fall over backwards (to do something) AND bend over backwards (to do sth); lean over backwards (to do sth)

Theme: ASSISTANCE

to do everything possible to please someone. (Informal.)
• The taxi driver fell over backwards to be helpful.
• The teacher bent over backwards to help the students understand.
• The principal said that it was not necessary to bend over backwards.
• You don't have to lean over backwards to get me to help. Just ask.

lean over backwards

know sth forwards and backwards

bend over backwards for someone

do everything possible to help someone: "She bent over backwards for them when they first arrived in the town."

backward and forward|backward|backwards|backwards

adv. phr. To the full extent; in all details; thoroughly; completely. He understood automobile engines backwards and forwards. He knew basketball rules backwards and forwards. I explained matters to him so that he understood backwards and forwards how it was.

move backward

1. To move to a position or in the administration anon abaft oneself. I confused astern in anxiety back the accommodating began convulsing. I didn't accept amplitude to about-face the car around, so I had to move astern to get out of the alleyway.2. To account or bulldoze addition or article to move to a position or in the administration anon abaft them. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be acclimated amid "move" and "backward." The abecedary confused me astern a few accomplish so that I was in band with anybody else. I can't move this affair astern after actuality able to see abaft me!Learn more: backward, move

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